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Perspectives Essay Topics
Thursday, September 3, 2020
Compare and contrast the book with other materials Essay
Thoroughly analyze the book with different materials - Essay Example d that ladies were underrepresented in the work place on the grounds that the greater part of the employments in the manufacturing plants require a ton of physical vitality making ladies unfit for these occupations. Be that as it may, today with the significant headways in innovation, a great deal of occupations don't call for physical vitality. This implies the two ladies and men function admirably without challenges. In any case, it is seen that even in these employments, ladies are still underrepresented. I concur with the creator that there is have to expand the assorted variety in the work environment by having an equivalent portrayal of the two sexual orientations. The facts demonstrate that the two people have their natural contrasts, this likewise impacts their points of view and this can be tapped to show signs of improvement execution at the work place. Ladies are likewise the parental figures and homemakers; this ought not be blamed of not giving them employments. In any c ase, I will in general can't help contradicting the creator that men ought not be committed to help their life partners. This is on the grounds that the frameworks that as of now exist favor the male sexual orientation and evacuation of spousal help would just make the circumstance of the ladies more awful. There is a need to have a total redesign of the current framework and guarantee that ladies get equivalent open doors as the men and they would have the option to help themselves. The pay rates likewise should be orchestrated on the grounds that you would see in numerous examples ladies are given lower wages and pay rates regardless of performing comparable errands to their male partners. The letter from Birmingham prison by Martin Luther King Junior is a defense of the peaceful move that was being made by Luther follow in Birmingham. The priests in the south have named the move as less than ideal and imprudent. As indicated by him, the measures that the back individuals were leading so as to have their privileges given to them is exceptional to the shameful acts that the whites had metered towards the blacks. He says that they had torched their homes, oppressed them and the isolation in Birmingham was more terrible than some other
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Something about fairy tales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1
Something about fantasies - Essay Example This neutralizes the contention that a large number of the clinical advances that have been made have been cultivated through ââ¬Ëdesignerââ¬â¢ rehearses in light of as much as possible requests. Simultaneously, Postrel contends against the ââ¬Ëanti-natureââ¬â¢ guarantee by refering to a few models where current medication has changed the ââ¬Ënaturalââ¬â¢ state of rot and demise, even unfavorably susceptible reaction, without anybody calling foul. Essentially, I concur with Postrel that cloning science isn't an assault on nature and isn't expected to create architect babies or elitist science. I additionally concur that most of individuals who profit by these advances is by all accounts the white collar class, perhaps in light of the fact that there are increasingly working class families and in this manner more interest or possibly in light of the fact that rich individuals exploiting these advances like to keep their accounts calm. The advances would not be grown, however, except if there was somebody keen on profiting by the outcomes, particularly in our excessively free enterprise society. Nonetheless, I do comprehend the perspective of the opposite side in being stressed that this innovation may be conveyed excessively far. As it tends to be seen in pretty much every other feature of life, balance can give huge advantages, yet overabundance can prompt debacle. For this paper, I intend to investigate the originals present inside the fantasy story of ââ¬Å"Snow White.â⬠Preliminary research has demonstrated that while paradigms are promptly recognized inside the story even by little youngsters, there stay a few translations with respect to what these prime examples are. For instance, Stephen Flynn (2005) deciphers the story as far as its female prime examples while Virginia Walker and Mary Lunz (1976) uncover various models perceived by little youngsters when the story is aurally imparted. My essential inquiry in leading this exploration is to decide whether there is an agreement conclusion in regards to the ID of paradigms inside the story and
Friday, August 21, 2020
Nursing for Ensuring Patients Safety in Relation- myassignmenthelp
Question: Examine about theNursing for Ensuring Patients Safety in Relation. Answer: Job of Nurses in Ensuring Patients Safety in Relation to Principles of Primary Health Care Medical attendants have a huge job in Australia and all around in guaranteeing that the patients are given proper consideration. Beginning from their pioneers, attendants have numerous duties in human services offices and their endeavors have been recognized in the general public and the overall population (Bogossian et al., 2014). Their jobs work inseparably with the plot standards of the essential human services (PHC). The essential human services is noteworthy segments of a specific wellbeing administration with the ability to improve the adequacy and proficiency of the medicinal services framework. It is fundamental to mind which is grounded on the logically complete and socially worthy all inclusive methodologies that are open to all individuals in the network by means of their commitment at the cost a state can manage (Twigg et al., 2016). Be that as it may, it is additionally a point of extraordinary changes in Australia and different nations. The standards of essential medici nal services offer ideas and their application in the arrangement of the human services in the public eye. In a manner to show how jobs of medical caretakers are connected to the standards of the essential human services, the paper will dissect the jobs of attendants in keeping the wellbeing of the patients in social insurance in relations to standards of the essential medicinal services Examination It is shocking to us all when we get hospitalized and the larger part won't have any desire to remain in the emergency clinic in any event, for a solitary night however it is diverse for the individuals who should be put under close perception. There are numerous ways which medical attendants guarantee that we are sheltered in the emergency clinic (Hall et al., 2016). First and for most, a few medical clinics don't permit the relatives to remain with the patients in the emergency clinic and all the duty is left under the attendant. Medical attendants have been portrayed as assistance since they guarantee that patient make an exit plan at the emergency clinic (Tobiano et al., 2015). Patients now and again can't leave their beds and they need a few exercises done to them like taking care of. This is the time nurture assume a key job in helping the patient to monitor all the tasks should have been done in guaranteeing that the patient recovers. These are medicinal services administratio ns which any patient needs at some random time and with respect to the guideline of value, the patient must approach all the social insurance benefits regardless of their capacity to pay. This will guarantee that patients human services is organized (Keleher, et al., 2017). Network investment is a key rule of essential social insurance and it guarantees divisions of government ought to get draw in with the network in guaranteeing that the essential human services is tended to and advanced at grass root level (Rose et al., 2014). It helps the general public to take a genuine responsibility for and wellbeing of the individuals. Medical caretakers, then again, assume an enormous job in guaranteeing that the wellbeing security of the network is viewed. They instruct individuals on the need to keep up cleanliness in an intend to forestall transferable illnesses. Be that as it may, they are additionally associated with giving vaccination against contaminations along these lines guaranteeing that individuals are liberated from afflictions (Carlin et al., 2013). Because of improvement in innovation in human services, lion's share medicinal services offices are utilizing electronic clinical prize EMR. The innovation helps with guaranteeing that patients are helped the second they step into the clinic. Medical attendants organize the necessities and the states of the patients to safe the circumstance. Recall prior, individuals couldn't be offered care because of poor recording frameworks on the data they should be given to them (Wassenaar, et al., 2015). In any case, the EMR innovation through the watch of attendant has guaranteed that patients are watched, through keeping the clinical record in the framework to guarantee that every single patient is given the required consideration and prescriptions. Telehealth as one of the correspondence innovation has borne organic products in guaranteeing the released patients are checked and their wellbeing organized (Burkeet al., 2015). Much after release the attendants despite everything need to know the state of the patient and this is a significant critical methodology which medical caretakers ought to be extolled. The standards of social insurance plot that there ought to be proper innovation that is logically acknowledged to the requirements of the patients and furthermore worthy to the individuals; medical caretakers who are utilizing it. The rule is very clear and its order is greatly recognized by the job of medical attendant in ensuring that patient is given enough wellbeing at the hour of admission to the hour of release Now and again the patient is intellectually sick and feels crushed. Such patients can whenever attempt to do anything which can take their life. The expert job of any medical caretakers is to guarantee an agreeable domain for patients (Wassenaar, et al., 2015). Such patients need individuals to share their issues with the goal that they can in any event diminish their resentment or mental anguish. Medical caretakers are there to help these sorts of patients since half of the disorder is inside what the patient is thinking and the other part is inside nature. Medical caretakers as the closest individuals in clinic condition help the exceptionally understanding with various kinds of conventions which can help in settling the circumstance (Hall et al., 2016). They need to invest loads of energy with patients in showing various practices which are significant in improving the condition and guaranteeing the patient is protected to continue his or common obligations. As wellbeing advanceme nt is one of the standards of essential human services, the jobs of medical attendants as referenced are to guarantee that they help the network to fortified their social and financial circumstances that influence their wellbeing in an intend to accomplish great wellbeing Medical caretakers assume a key job in guaranteeing that we get the correct data in social insurance to benefit our wellbeing. They go about as care suppliers as well as they are the communicator of the patients (Wassenaar et al., 2015). In some cases when they need to draw some data from patients, the state of the patient can be basic to a degree that the individual in question can't talk. In this way nurture go about as facilitator in supporting discussions which the patient can be confounded or not in a situation to communicate. They likewise help the patients in taking the best choices that target ensuring the life of the patient isn't in danger. Now and again, patients can be wiped out and end up demotivated and nurture is there to help as the patient keeps battling for better wellbeing. Medical attendant helps patients in routine tests and foresees the necessities of the patient with the goal that they can settle on the sort of care to be offered (Anmf.org.au. 2017). This is th e most ideal method of accomplishing the essential medicinal services through the standard of wellbeing advancement and availability to social insurance administrations. As referenced, an attendant has guaranteed that the soundness of the patient is advanced and organized. Through all the administrations referenced, it is obvious that the job of the medical attendant has been prospered in ensuring that wellbeing administrations are available. All attendants are experts who follow the set of accepted rules, subsequently, they propagate the moral principles in ensuring patients are given the correct prescription regardless of what their identity is. Patients are individuals who may be comparative with attendants or even dear companions or some other individual. As nursing is past hatred and break of direct. They seal their distinction with a patient who may have wrong them and offer them administrations (Keleher Parker, 2013). They are not discriminative and they need even their more regrettable adversaries to get the wellbeing administrations as gave by the Australian law. As essential human services standards plots value as a key idea, medical attendants don't linger behind in guaranteeing that even their most exceedingly terrible enemies get the best administrations under their supervision. It is a significant move which is unrealistic in numerous situations however because of regard to polished skill and duty to work fo r overall population, nurture is an incredible network specialist. In any case, essential social insurance plots that between sectoral coordinated effort is a basic idea that guarantees that the essential medicinal services doesn't just depend on itself in giving proficient human services administrations. This is to imply that it ought to work together with other government parts, business and different associations who can help with elevating wellbeing to the network. In consistence with this guideline, the attendant authority facilitate with various areas in Australia (Powell Davies et al., 2017). For example, they cooperate with media in instructing individuals on preventive proportions of various ailments. They additionally work with protection firms in guaranteeing that individuals get wellbeing inclusion and their security guaranteed. End Medical attendants assume a critical job in guaranteeing that individuals in our networks are protected. Their work is past the minor polished methodology as it includes bunches of responsibilities. These jobs are in consistent with the standards of essential medicinal services. Be that as it may, essential human services advances wellbeing and wellbeing and means to forestall sickness and wounds. It is tied in with thinking of conditions which help individuals to remain well. As an issue of its standards, PHC is tied in with expanding the venture of attendants into networks and guaranteeing that fitting innovation is applied. References Anmf.org.au. (2017). Australian Nursing Midwifery Federation. Accessible at:https://anmf.org.au/news/passage/inquire about focuses to-understanding wellbeing in-nurture numbers Bogossian, F., Winters?Chang, P., Tuckett, A. (2014). The Pure Hard Slog That Nursing Is.: A Qualitative Analysis of Nursing Work.Journal of Nursing Scholarship,46(5), 377-388. Burke, L. E., Ma, J., Azar, K. M., Bennett, G. G., Peterson, E. D., Zheng, Y., ... Turan, T. N. (2015). Ebb and flow science on customer utilization of versatile wellbeing for cardiovascular sickness prevention.Circulation, CIR-000000000000
Monday, June 15, 2020
Ethics and Universal Healthcare Coursework - 275 Words
Ethics and Universal Healthcare (Coursework Sample) Content: Ethics and universal health careNameInstitution Ethics and Universal Health CareThe argument for and against the universal health care are well presented and logically argued. For instance, the proponents for universal health care argue that all the Americans have a right to health care. The founding documents of USA declare that all people have unreliable rights that include life, liberty and happiness. Health care is important for preservation of life and pursuit of happiness. The Universal healthcare lowers the costs of accessing health in the USA since it introduces a single payer system that guarantee citizens a right to health care. This would lower the total health care spending by over $ 592 billion in the short-term and $1.8 trillion in a decade. This is because private health insurance spend 11.7% of the premium on administrative and only 6.3% goes directly to the public health programs (Rice, Unruh, Rosenau, Barnes, Saltman, van Ginneken, 2014). The opp onents on the other hand argue that the right to the universal health care leads to increased US debt and deficit. This is because the government spending on Medicare, Medicaid and other insurance programs has increased from less than 10% of the Federal Budget in 1985 to 21% in 2012. Studies have shown that the expansion of the insurance coverage increased the Federal deficit about $700 billion in the first ten years. In addition, universal care increases wait time for accessing medical care (Marmor Gordon, 2014). Government accountability report show that about 9.4% of the beneficiaries of Medicaid had difficulties access health services due to lone waits. After reviewing and reflecting on the strength and weaknesses, I would for against the universal healthcare systems because there is no single government agency or department that can be very efficient to provide quality health services. This is because the Doctors would get overwhelmed and move to other countries. In a ddition, just like in the UK, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, the US government would start rationing the medical services through systems like budgeting, price setting, and distribution (Marmor Gordon, 2014). This would affect the quality of health care of the citizens. ReferencesMarmor, T. R., Gordon, R. W. (2014). Commercial Pressures on...
Sunday, May 17, 2020
The Royal Road of the Achaemenids in Darius Empire
The Royal Road of the Achaemenids was a major intercontinental thoroughfare built by the Persian Achaemenid dynasty king Darius the Great (521ââ¬â485 BCE). The road network allowed Darius a way to access and maintain control over his conquered cities throughout the Persian empire. It is also, ironically enough, the same road that Alexander the Great used to conquer the Achaemenid dynasty a century and a half later. The Royal Road led from the Aegean Sea to Iran, a length of some 1,500 miles (2,400 kilometers). A major branch connected the cities of Susa, Kirkuk, Nineveh, Edessa, Hattusa, and Sardis. The journey from Susa to Sardis was reported to have taken 90 days on foot, and three more to get to the Mediterranean coast at Ephesus. The journey would have been faster on horseback, and carefully placed way stations helped speed the communication network. From Susa the road connected to Persepolis and India and intersected with other road systems leading to the ancient allied and competing kingdoms of Media, Bactria, and Sogdiana. A branch from Fars to Sardis crossed the foothills of the Zagros mountains and east of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, through Kilikia and Cappadocia before reaching Sardis. Another branch led into Phyrgia. Not Just a Road Network The network might have been called the Royal Road, but it also included rivers, canals, and trails, as well as ports and anchorages for seaborne travel. One canal built for Darius I connected the Nile to the Red Sea. An idea of the amount of traffic that the roads saw has been gleaned by ethnographer Nancy J. Malville, who examined ethnographic records of Nepali porters. She found that human porters can move loads of 60ââ¬â100 kilograms (132ââ¬â220 pounds) a distance of 10ââ¬â15 kilometers (6ââ¬â9 miles) per day without the benefit of roads. Mules can carry loads of 150ââ¬â180 kg (330ââ¬â396 lbs) up to 24 km (14 mi) per day; and camels can carry much heavier loads up to 300 kg (661 lbs), some 30 km (18 mi) per day. Pirradazish: Express Postal Service According to the Greek historian Herodotus, a postal relay system called pirradazish (express runner or fast runner) in Old Iranian and angareion in Greek, served to connect up the major cities in an ancient form of high-speed communication. Herodotus is known to have been prone to exaggeration, but he was definitely impressed with what he saw and heard. There is nothing mortal that is faster than the system that the Persians have devised for sending messages. Apparently, they have horses and men posted at intervals along the route, the same number in total as the overall length in days of the journey, with a fresh horse and rider for every day of travel. Whatever the conditionsââ¬âit may be snowing, raining, blazing hot, or darkââ¬âthey never fail to complete their assigned journey in the fastest possible time. The first man passes his instructions on to the second, the second to the third, and so on. Herodotus, The Histories Book 8, chapter 98, cited in Colburn and translated by R. Waterfield. Historic Records of the Road As you might have guessed, there are multiple historical records of the road, including such as Herotodus who mentioned the royal waystations along one of the best-known segments. Extensive information also comes from the Persepolis Fortification Archive (PFA), tens of thousands of clay tablets and fragments incised in cuneiform writing, and excavated from the ruins of Darius capital at Persepolis. Much information about the Royal Road comes from the PFAs Q texts, tablets which record the disbursement of specific travelers rations along the way, describing their destinations and/or points of origin. Those endpoints are often far beyond the local area of Persepolis and Susa. One travel document was carried by the individual named Nehtihor, who was authorized to draw rations in a string of cities through northern Mesopotamia from Susa to Damascus. Demotic and hieroglyphic graffiti dated to Darius Is 18th regnal year (~503 BCE) has identified another important segment of the Royal Road known as Darb Rayayna, which ran in North Africa between Armant in the Qena Bend in Upper Egypt and the Kharga Oasis in the Western Desert. Architectural Features Determining Darius construction methods of the road is somewhat difficult since the Achmaenid road was built following older roadways. Probably most of the routes were unpaved but there are some exceptions. A few intact sections of the road which date to Dariuss time, such as that at Gordion and Sardis, were constructed with cobblestone pavements atop a low embankment from 5ââ¬â7 meters (16ââ¬â23 feet) in width and, in places, faced with a curbing of dressed stone. At Gordion, the road was 6.25 m (20.5 ft) wide, with a packed gravel surface and curbstones and a ridge down the middle dividing it into two lanes. Theres also a rock-cut road segment at Madakeh which has been associated with the Persepolisââ¬âSusa road, 5 m (16.5 ft) wide. These paved sections were likely limited to the vicinities of cities or the most important arteries. Way Stations Even ordinary travelers had to stop on such long journeys. A hundred and eleven way-posting stations were reported to have existed on the main branch between Susa and Sardis, where fresh horses were kept for travelers. They are recognized by their similarities to caravanserais, stops on the Silk Road for camel traders. These are square or rectangular stone buildings with multiple rooms around a broad market area, and an enormous gate allowing parcel- and human-laden camels to pass under it. The Greek philosopher Xenophon called them hippon, of horses in Greek, which means they probably also included stables. A handful of way stations have been tentatively identified archaeologically. One possible way station is a large (40x30 m, 131x98 ft) five-room stone building near the site of Kuh-e Qale (or Qaleh Kali), on or very close to the Persepolisââ¬âSusa road, known to have been a major artery for royal and court traffic. It is somewhat more elaborate than would have been expected for a simple travelers inn, with fancy columns and porticoes. Expensive luxury items in delicate glass and imported stone have been found at Qaleh Kali, all of which leads scholars to surmise that the site was an exclusive way station for wealthier travelers. Travelers Comfort Inns Another possible but less fancy way station has been identified at the site of JinJan (Tappeh Survan), in Iran. There are two known near Germabad and Madakeh on the Pesrpolisââ¬âSusa road, one at Tangi-Bulaghi near Pasargadae, and one at Deh Bozan between Susa and Ecbatana. Tang-i Bulaghi is a courtyard surrounded by thick walls, with several smaller ancient buildings, which fits other types of ancient buildings but also caravanserais. The one near Madakeh is of similar construction. Various historic documents suggest that there were likely maps, itineraries, and milestones to aid travelers in their journeys. According to documents in the PFA, there were also road maintenance crews. References exist of gangs of workmen known as road counters or people who count the road, who made sure that the road was in good repair. There is also a mention in the Roman writer Claudius Aelianus De natura animalium indicating that Darius asked at one point that the road from Susa to Media be cleared of scorpions. Archaeology of the Royal Road Much of what is known about the Royal Road comes not from archaeology, but from the Greek historian Herodotus, who described the Achaemenid imperial postal system. Archaeological evidence suggests that there were several precursors to the Royal Road: that portion which connects Gordion to the coast was likely used by Cyrus the Great during his conquest of Anatolia. It is possible that the first roads were established in the 10th century BCE under the Hittites. These roads would have been used as trade routes by the Assyrians and Hittites at Boghakzoy. Historian David French has argued that the much later Roman roads would have been constructed along the ancient Persian roads as well; some of the Roman roads are used today, meaning that parts of the Royal Road have been used continually for some 3,000 years. French argues that a southern route across the Euphrates at Zeugma and across Cappodocia, ending at Sardis, was the main Royal Road. This was the route taken by Cyrus the Younger in 401 BCE; and it is possible that Alexander the Great traveled this same route while conquering much of Eurasia in the 4th century BCE. The northern route proposed by other scholars as the main thoroughfare has three possible routes: through Ankara in Turkey and into Armenia, crossing the Euphrates in the hills near the Keban dam, or crossing the Euphrates at Zeugma. All of these segments were used both before and after the Achaemenids. Sources Asadu, Ali, and Barbara Kaim. The Acheamenid Building at Site 64 in Tang-E Bulaghi. Achaemenet Arta 9.3 (2009). Print. Colburn, Henry P. Connectivity and Communication in the Achaemenid Empire. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 56.1 (2013): 29ââ¬â52. Print.Dusinberre, Elspeth R. M. Aspects of Empire in Achaemenid Sardis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. Print.French, David. Pre- and Early-Roman Roads of Asia Minor. The Persian Royal Road. Iran 36 (1998): 15ââ¬â43. Print.Malville, Nancy J. Long-Distance Transport of Bulk Goods in the Pre-Hispanic American Southwest. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 20.2 (2001): 230ââ¬â43. Print.Stoneman, Richard. How Many Miles to Babylon? Maps, Guides, Roads, and Rivers in the Expeditions of Xenophon and Alexander. Greece and Rome 62.1 (2015): 60ââ¬â74. Print.Sumner, W. M. Achaemenid Settlement in the Persepolis Plain. American Journal of Archaeology 90.1 (1986): 3ââ¬â31. Print.Young, Rodne y S. Gordion on the Royal Road. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 107.4 (1963): 348ââ¬â64. Print.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Intimate Partner Violence And Sexual Abuse - 2150 Words
ââ¬Å"Intimate partner violenceâ⬠(IPV) not only includes spousal abuse (as does ââ¬Å"domestic violenceâ⬠), but also extends to unmarried, cohabiting, and same-sex couples. Moreover, IPV, is also not restricted to physical abuse; threats of physical abuse, or sexual abuse, and emotional abuse are all considered different forms of intimate partner violence. Intimate partner violence is a major public health concern in the United States that often results in terrible consequences for victims, families, and communities at large. According to the CDC, ââ¬Å"[i]n an average minute, about 24 people are victims of rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partnerâ⬠. Furthermore, The Federal Bureau of Investigation estimates that intimate partnersâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Research shows that those who are ââ¬Å"separatedâ⬠, where conflict may typically be higher, report higher rates of abuse any other marital status. Moreover, those cohabitating are more likely to be victims of IPV than those who are married (Stets and Straus 1990). Other demographic factors such as socioeconomic status seem to play an important role as well. Studies show that women who live in disadvantaged areas are twice as likely to experience violence from a partner as women who live in more well-to-do areas (Benson and Fox 2004). It is estimated that more than half of IPV goes unreported. In one study, most victims revealed that they were abused at least two years before turning to authorities for help (Carlson, Harris, and Holden 1999). Other studies determined that about 29 percent of victims denied abuse all together when confronted by police (Felson, Ackerman, and Gallagher 2005). Such findings makes accurate statistics on IPV considerably difficult to establish. What I found particularly fascinating is that some studies point to the significance of early childhood exposure to familial violence as an important predicting factor toward future partner violence. Some research suggests that ââ¬Å"...children who are exposed to aggression in their families of origin are more likely to use aggression in their relationships as adults than children who are never exposed to familial aggressionâ⬠(Chui, Ming 2010). This seems to make sense in light of the
Security Analysis Of Wesfarmers Llimited â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com
Question: Discuss about the Security Analysis Of Wesfarmers Llimited. Answer: Introduction: Investors invest into the financial securities and in the market to enhance the worth of their invested money. So, it becomes necessary for the investors to look over the up and down in the market, analysis of market, security analysis etc before funding in that security. This would help the company to save themselves from any sudden risk. Various tools could be used by the investors and the analysts to find the best security in the market such as gearing ratios, WACC, cost of equity and debt, market growth, market return, risk free rate etc. which helps the investors to make a better decision by considering the performance and profitability of that security (Hillier, Grinblatt and Titman, 2011). Wesfarmers: For this report, Wesfarmers limited has been taken into consideration. This company has been registered into the Australian stock exchange. Wesfarmers limited is one of the largest companies in the Australian retail industry. According to annual report of the company, revenue of the company has been enhanced to $ 56.93 billion. Currently, this company has been recognized as biggest empowerment company. This company offers its product into the supermarket of Australia and it is also operating its business in other countries as well. Calculation of WACC: For analyzing the value of the company and the security of the company, WACC has been calculated. For calculating the WACC, it is required for the investor to calculate various other factors as well such as cost of equity and debt, market growth, market return, risk free rate etc. the analysis and calculation of all of the above are as follows: Return on equity: Return on equity is calculated to investigate the value of equity of the company. This analysis depict about the entire cost which occurred in the company, if company enhances the funds from the equity. In this calculation, per share unit cost has been analyzed. Dividend discount model and CAPM model has been investigated for this report. Dividend discount model: DDMs calculation depict that Wesfarmers return on equity (ROE) is 2.014%. According to this, company would have to pay the total 2.014% of net profit as cost of equity to the shareholders (Morningstar, 2017). CAPM Model: CAPMs calculation depict that Wesfarmers return on equity (ROE) is 2.715%. According to this, company would have to pay the total 2.715% of net profit as cost of equity to the shareholders (Morningstar, 2017). Return on debt: Return on debt is calculated to investigate the value of debt of the company. This analysis depict about the entire cost which occurred in the company, if company enhances the funds from the debt. In this calculation, total cost of debt has been analyzed (Weygandt et al, 2015). According to these calculations, currently company is paying total 0.000973 from net profit to the debt holders of the company. Beta Coefficients: In addition, for calculating the WACC of Wesfarmers, beta coefficient has been measured. Currently, companys beta of last 5 years is 0.022795 (Yahoo finance, 2017). The graph of beta has been given below: Risk free rate: 10 years risk free rate (Rf) of the Australia is 2.75% (Bloomberg, 2017). G (Growth rate): Wesfarmers shares growth rate of each year has been analyzed. Currently, the growth rate is 5% of the company. WACC: Through the above calculation, it has been found that the weighted average cost of capital of Wesfarmers is 0.0192. For calculating the WACC of the company, cost of equity and debt, market growth, market return, risk free rate etc has been calculated. The calculation of every factor is in the appendix. Through the cost of debt and cost of equity of the company, it has been found that the cost of debt is quite lower than the cost of equity off the company (yahoo finance, 2017). Calculation of gearing ratios: Gearing ratio of a company is calculated according to the assets, equity, and debt of the company. This depict about the stability of the company in terms of finance. Gearing ratio has been calculated over Wesfarmers and it has been found that the gearing ratio is 0.19385 means 19.39% which is very lower and thus it could be said that the stability of the company is quite strong in terms of finance (Parrino, Kidwell and Bates, 2011). Various factors and figures have been investigated before for this analysis such as equity of the company, total assets and liabilities of the company, current liabilities of the company etc. It has been found that the gearing ratio is the best way to analyze the economical stability and financial stability of the company. Not any issues have been faced while calculating the gearing ratios of the company. Entire figures have been easily found from the annual reports of the company. The company is very stable so it would be beneficial for the investor to invest in this company. Findings: Decisions related to capital structure of a company are usually taken by the financial manager of a company as they have enough knowledge about the debt and equity ratio, gearing ratio, cost of capital etc. the decision made by them over the capital structure is way better (Strebulaev, 2007). Capital structure includes debt and equity of a company. The capital structure of a company could be best if the better combination is made of debt and equity. This impacts the total cost of capital of the company as the cost of debt is different and the cost of equity is also different. This analysis expresses that Wesfarmers capital structure ratio is quite impressive and financial risk of the company is lower still company could reduce the total cost through raising the funds more from debt. Company could raise the funds till 40% as till that level the financial stability of the company would be in control and the cost reduction could also been done. Recommendation: Thus according to the weighted average cost of capital and the gearing ratio of the company, it has been found that the company is performing well and company is just required to enhance the funds from debt to reduce the cost of capital and manage the financial stability of the company. References: Bloomberg. (2017). Australian bonds and rates. https://www.bloomberg.com/markets/rates-bonds/government-bonds/australia on 18th Sept 2017. Morningstar. (2017). Wesfarmers limited. Viewed from https://financials.morningstar.com/valuation/price-ratio.html?t=WESregion=ausculture=en-US on 25th Sept 2017. Reuters. (2017). Wesfarmers limited. Viewed from https://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/overview?symbol=WES.AX on 25h Sept 2017. Wesfarmers. (2017). Home. Viewed from https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/ on 25th Sept 2017. Yahoo Finance. (2017). Wesfarmers limited. Viewed from https://au.finance.yahoo.com/quote/WES.AX?p=WES.AX on 25th Sept 2017. Strebulaev, I. A. (2007). Do tests of capital structure theory mean what they say?. The Journal of Finance, 62(4), 1747-1787. Parrino, R., Kidwell, D.S. and Bates, T. (2011).Fundamentals of corporate finance. John Wiley Sons. Weygandt, J. J., Kimmel, P. D., Kieso, D. E. (2015).Financial Managerial Accounting. John Wiley Sons. Hillier, D., Grinblatt, M. and Titman, S., (2011).Financial markets and corporate strategy. McGraw Hill.
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